Natural Gas Storage: Explanation Video

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The following is a good, short video that explains some of the basics of natural gas storage.  The narrators talks briefly about some stock trading strategies, but does an excellent job of explaining what gas storage is, the different types of storage facilities, when the different types are used, when injection season and withdrawal season take place, and a couple other odds and ends.  It’s under three minutes, so it’s well worth the time.

For oil and gas lease purposes, natural gas storage rights should always be removed from a lease.  Oil and gas leases should be for the production of oil and gas from the leased premises only.  If a company must have gas storage rights, those rights can be given in a separate agreement, and paid for separately.

Pipeline Pigs: The Alyeska Pipeline

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The Alyeska Pipeline, otherwise known as the trans-Alaska pipeline, the one that runs from Alaska’s North Slope to Valdez, Alaska, has something fascinating happening.

There will be four robots crawling through parts of the pipeline this summer, inspecting those parts for corrosion.

This kind of inspection work is usually done by “pigs”.  Pigs are basically a plug which has sensors attached to it that is pushed through the pipeline.

These are not exactly pigs.  They will move under their own power, and be able to back up and go over parts of the pipe if needed.  They are specifically designed to go places that a pig can’t go.  That’s exactly what they will be doing on the Alyesaka Pipeline.

It’s important to inspect pipelines because pipelines corrode over time.  There are anti-corrosion devices attached to the pipelines, but they slow down corrosion, they don’t stop it.  The parts of the Alyeska Pipeline that are being inspected haven’t been inspected since it was built — forty years ago!  We’ll be keeping an eye on the results.

This kind of technology could be used on the pipelines that are being built here in West Virginia.  Hopefully they won’t have to wait forty years between inspections.

 

The State of Oil and Gas: May 15, 2017

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The EPA issued a report last year that said the natural gas industry was leaking methane (natural gas) like crazy.  However, it was based off spreadsheets, algorithms, and estimates.  This year, the EPA has done a field test and found that last year’s report overestimated methane leakage by 97%.  Think about that for a minute.  Now, it’s just one test, and science needs to be repeatable to be reliable.  But when the numbers are that different it’s extremely likely that last year’s report is wildly incorrect.

It’s been quite a while since anything has been said about the possible cracker plant in Parkersburg, WV.  The Parkersburg News and Sentinel has a very short editorial which we link to here because we’d like to see more people talking about it.  A cracker plant would help West Virginia avoid the problem that it’s had for over 150 years of pulling natural resources out of the ground and shipping them out of the State as raw materials.

The price of oil has taken a real dip lately, today’s bump up in price notwithstanding.  The reason for that dip?  American frackers have been ramping up production like mad.

Rig counts dropped by one each in West Virginia and Pennsyvlania in the first week of May.  Hopefully that means drillers are slowing down a bit on purpose, which means they think that we’re producing as much gas as we can get out of the region and into storage for this year.  That’s healthy, smart thinking, if it’s on purpose.  If.

We’re on course to put record amounts of gas into storage again this year.  If you’ll remember, we did this same dance last year.  In the end, producers cut back and we ended up with less storage (still record highs) than what most experts predicted.  I imagine the same thing will happen this year.

Saudi Arabia is saying it will do whatever it takes to rebalance the oil market.  There’s dancing in the streets in Texas.

OPEC has been reduced to begging–begging American frackers to slow down production, that is.  If there was any question left as to who controls oil’s top end, it has been settled.

OPEC and Russia have reached a deal to extend the production cuts they agreed to six months ago.  Oil prices are pushing $50/bbl again for the first time in almost a month.

The FERC has a new date for review of the Atlantic Coast Pipeline EIS.  The final EIS will be made available on July 21, 2017.  After that, there will be 90 days for other federal agencies to make comments on the project.  The final approval will be on October 19, 2017.

FERC Soon to be Back in Business

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The FERC has been operating without a quorum, unable to make major decisions regarding major pipeline projects.  That’s created some uncertainty around the Mountain Valley Pipeline and the Atlantic Coast Pipeline, both of which are up for approval in the very near future.

That will soon change.  The Trump Administration has nominated two people to fill some of the vacancies at the FERC.

Once they are approved by the Senate, the FERC will be able to make decisions such as approving the aforementioned pipelines.

It’s expected that approval hearings will take place in early June, about a month away.  However, Democrats could decide to slow things down.  Having FERC non-operational would make the environmental wing of the Democrat party very happy.

It will be interesting to see what political wranglings take place over these nominations.

UPDATE: May 17, 2017 — Like clockwork, opposition to the nominations has begun.  Some want to keep the FERC hamstrung for environmental reasons, and some want a Democrat nominated along with the Republicans.  We’ll see how long it takes to go through the Washington political machine.

Ohio EPA Not Happy with Rover Pipeline

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The Rover Pipeline has been under construction in Ohio for about two months at this point.  It’s not making a lot of friends.

The Ohio EPA has fined Rover $431,000 for 18 separate violations.

That’s a big number, but for a project that’s going to cost an estimated $4,200,000,000, it’s kind of small.

What’s really interesting is that the head of the EPA is frustrated with Rover’s attitude.  In the Columbus Dispatch article linked above, he says, “All told, our frustration is really high. We don’t think they’re taking Ohio seriously.  Normally when we have … a series of events like this, companies respond with a whole lot of contrition and whole lot of commitment. We haven’t seen that. It’s pretty shocking.”

If Rover doesn’t get its act together, they may find themselves facing a stop work order from the State of Ohio.  They were able railroad landowners using federal law, but they are up against an entirely different animal when they tick off the head of a State agency that has the power to stop them in their tracks.

This also doesn’t inspire confidence that the end product is going to be well built.  Management problems trickle down to workers, and quality suffers.  It’s the natural way of all organizations.

UPDATE:  May 11, 2017 — The FERC has halted drilling by the Rover Pipeline at eight locations in Ohio.  Drilling already in progress is going to continue, as stopping the drilling increases the risk of collapse and spills.  The Tuscarawas River location will have independent third-party oversight.  Rover also has to double the number of environmental inspectors per construction spread.

UPDATE: May 16, 2017 — It turns out that the fine was not a fine, but a penalty that it will have to pay and that can be negotiated.  A spokesman for the Ohio EPA seems to have made that comment that’s quoted above, not the head of the Ohio EPA, and everything about the situation is pretty fluid.  It’s more than a little disappointing when facts get distorted by the news outlets.  Who do you trust?

The State of Oil and Gas: May 1, 2017

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The EIA expects natural gas to produce more electricity this summer by way of burning natural gas than by any other means.

North Sea oil output is expected to begin to fall in 2018.  This is probably one of those factors that the Saudis have been saying would happen because of decreased capital expenditures in traditional oil drilling project.

Iran is ready to join OPEC’s production cut.  This news ought to drive oil prices up.  Iran had previously expressed interest in producing well over 4 million barrels per day, but has not reached that point.  Perhaps Iran has more infrastructure issues than it had previously realized, and is willing to take a higher price for its oil in exchange for a larger share of the market.

Speaking of production cuts, Russia reduced its daily oil production by 1.6% by mid-April.

The scuttlebutt is that OPEC will extend production cuts and even cut more in an effort to offset U.S. production increases.

Citi expects OPEC to extend production cuts and predicts that consequently oil prices will push $65/bbl by the end of the year.

The U.S. Geological Survey has “discovered” the latest largest continuous natural gas deposit in the country.  It stretches across Texas and Louisiana.  It includes the Haynesville and Bossier shale formations.  The word discovered is in quotes above because this reserve was already known, it’s just that new technologies have made a lot more of it recoverable.  It’s also just the most recent; as continued exploration and technological innovation occur, others will be “found”.  Not meaning to downplay it–it’s still an awful lot of natural gas.  Here’s to being energy independent!

Energy demand will grow in 2017, but not as much as it has previously.  That will probably keep the price of oil down a bit.

The Washington Post sees a murky future for oil prices.  However, the murkiness is focused on a way up to $60/bbl oil, not doom and gloom.

India’s economy is growing like mad, and India’s government wants to make natural gas a larger percentage of the energy used in the country.  Most of that gas will be imported.  Most of that gas will come from the U.S.

Production of both oil and gas is expected to increase in May due to healthy prices for both products.  That will drive the price of both products down.

A survey of oil and gas borrowers and lenders shows that there’s going to be more money flowing around the oil patch this year.  Confidence in oil and gas is back.  Lets just hope it’s not over-confidence.  Too much spending will lead to too much drilling will lead to too much gas/oil will lead to low prices again.

The 2016-17 heating season is over and we have almost 15% more gas in storage than the five year average.  This cold snap we’ve had the last few days will not be enough to make a big dent in that number.  We still have quite a bit less gas in storage than last year so we should see reasonable natural gas prices through the rest of the year.  Those prices will hopefully not be reasonable enough to encourage over-drilling.

Coal executives have warned the natural gas industry that it’s next on the environmentalist’s hit list.   As long as natural gas is ridiculously inexpensive compared to renewables, it’s safe.  But once renewables become competitive with natural gas we’ll see a shift to renewables.  That could be a long way down the line.

May 1, 2017: Oil prices are at $48.74 per barrel, and natural gas prices are at $3.23/MMBtu.  Not bad for natural gas, not great for oil.  Those are good prices to keep us out of a boom but in reasonable drilling activity.

And some people are saying that OPEC will extend its agreement to cut production.  The next meeting is May 25th.

West Virginia: Fracking and Water Pollution

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Duke University just concluded a three year study of fracking and its effects on groundwater and surface water.  The study concludes that groundwater is not affected by fracking, but that surface water is.

The study included 112 wells in northwestern West Virginia.  Twenty of those wells were sampled before fracking took place in the neighborhood.

The study found methane and salts in the water wells, but they were different isotopes of methane and salt than were found in the gas formations.  The conclusion was that the methane and salts found in the water wells were from naturally occurring sources, not fracked wells.

Surface water was found to get contaminated from surface spills.

The important thing to note here is that ponds and streams on your property are more at risk than your water well.

While the study notes that surface water typically gets contaminated by accidental spills, it’s not unheard of for a trucker to back up to a stream and unload waste into the stream.  There are criminal penalties for this kind of thing, but it happens anyways.

So what should you do?  Make sure to get samples of your water taken before any drilling activity starts on or within a couple miles of your property, both for your water well and for ponds and streams.  Any water that is or could be a source of water should get tested.  It’s expensive, but if something happens to the water having that baseline to work from will be invaluable.

Mountain Valley Pipeline’s 401 Permit Challeneged

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The State of West Virginia issued a 401 water quality permit for the Mountain Valley Pipeline back in March.

Opponents of the pipeline say the DEP’s review of the permit application was deficient.

Appalachian Mountain Advocates, represented by Derek Teaney, has sent the DEP a letter listing the allegations.

What I’ve heard through the grapevine is that the MVP did a lot of copying and pasting in it’s application.  While some copy-pasta should be expected in an application of that sort, some things that should have received a more personal touch didn’t.

If the DEP doesn’t provide a satisfactory response there will most likely be a lawsuit in the works.

Rover Pipeline Drilling Mud Leak Update

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A directional drilling rig working on the Rover Pipeline leaked a bunch of drilling fluid while it was drilling under the Tuscarawas River a little while ago.  This article from WMFD.com, a local news outlet, is a follow up story highlighting the efforts to clean the mess up and some doubts by the landowner as to whether the clean up is going well.

The Rover representative quoted in the article downplayed the seriousness of the spill, of course.  The Ohio EPA will still be levying fines and monitoring the clean up, so I guess it’s serious enough for that.

We previously noted that Rover is off to a pretty bad start and that all of it’s mistakes are going to shake confidence in the pipeline industry.  We haven’t seen anything to change that opinion yet.